How does integral waterproofing works?
Integral waterproofing densify the concrete and fill all the gaps, voids, passage where water can get in / stored in. Thus, it makes the concrete watertight and low water penetrable concrete.
Which is the standard for integral waterproofing?
IS: 2645 – integral waterproofing admixture Compounds for Cement Mortar and Concrete
EN-934 - water-resisting admixture
ACI 212.3R - permeability reducing admixture.
What are the types of integral waterproofing?
As per ACI Comm.212
1. Permeability reducing admixtures for concretes exposed to non-hydrostatic conditions (PRAN)
2. Concrete exposed to hydrostatic conditions (PRAH)
As per availability:
1. Dry powder admixture
2. Liquid admixture
As per mechanism:
1. Reduction of Capillarity – increases the workability of the concrete so that we can compaction can be achieved – so concrete becomes dense – no cavity – No space for water – concrete becomes watertight.
2. Hydrophobising Capillaries - react with the cement and form in-soluble hydrophobic and fills all pores and makes concrete water repellent and less absorbent to water.
3. Physical or Chemical Pore Blocking – inert materials in the integral waterproofing compounds will fill the gaps when water enters the concrete with pressure. This is also called as crystalline waterproofing admixture.
As per effect:
a. Hydrophobic
b. Densifier
What are the effects of integral waterproofing?
Before hardening of concrete (on plastic concrete) – increases the workability (increases slump of concrete).
After hardening of concrete - permeability of the concrete will be good (less surface absorption and water penetration under pressure is less)
What are the advantages of integral waterproofing?
1. Easy to use – no need skilled workmen
2. Low cost
3. Rust proof to steel in concrete
4. Can be mixed at site – also at RMC plant
5. Provides more time to work with concrete
6. One time investment – permanent treatment
What are the dis-advantages of integral waterproofing?
1. Not good for if concrete undergoes with more wide cracks
2. Joints need additional waterproofing treatment
3. Strength of concrete will be slight-slight less.
4. Need to test-change the dosage as per the mix design
5. Difficult to cross check the quality once concrete hardened at site level
6. If concrete fails, need to adopt other system.
What does IS: 2645 says: You can refer to my other blogs.
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