Stone selection for internal and external installation:

Below are few points which can help you in selection of stone installation at internal and external areas of building:

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Texture : A good building stones must compose fine crystalline structure which should be free from cavities, cracks or patches of soft or loose material. Stones with such texture are so strong and durable.

Toughness Index : If the value of toughness index comes below 13 in impact test, then the stone is not tough. If the value comes in between 13 & 19 then stone is said to be moderately tough and if it exceeds 19 then stone is said to be highly tough.

Hardness : As worked out in a hardness test, the coefficient of hardness should be greater than 17 for a stone to be used in a road work. If it is between 14 & 17 then it is said to be medium hardness and if it is less than 14 ,it is said to be of poor quality.

Crushing strength : For a good building stone, the crushing strength should be greater than 100 N/mm3.

Durability : A good building stone should be durable and for making stones durable, their natural bed should be carefully noted.

Appearance : Those stones which are used for face work should be decent in appearance. They should be able to protect their color for a long time.

Wear : If the wear is more than 3 in attrition test, the stone is not acceptable. For a good building stone the wear should be equal to or less than 3%.

Specific gravity : Good building stones must have specific gravity greater than 2.7

Water Absorption : We know that all the stones are more or less porous in nature but for a good building stones, percentage of water absorption by weight after 24 hours should not exceeds 0.60 .

Calibarated / uncalibrated stone: Calibrated stones requires lesser thickness of adhesive and if the stones are un-calibarated, it needs higher thickness of the adhesive.

Self-weight : The self-weight of stone should be less. as a thumb rule, stones - 32kg/Sqm can be installed using tile adhesives. If weight is more, then use mechanical clamps along with the adhesive.

Dimension: Stone should be cut to a defined size say 1:1 or 1:1.5. large rectangular stones tends to warp and crack. Installation of stone to pillars, columns and sill, jamb requires clamps. Do not install stones against to gravity.

Wear : More than 3% of wear is not so good to use. Wear up to 3% is OK and lesser than 3%  wear is good.

Bio-deterioration: Stones should not under go deterioration, does not change its colour.

Strength: Good stone shall have sufficient crushing strength /compressive strength say approx. 14 MPa

Appearance / Texture: As per your choice. But it should not have open cavity, if it is then it shall be filled with transparent epoxy putty/paste.

Stone should have fire resistant, freeze that resistant not highly sensitive to moisture - in case of presence of moisture in the stone, allow it to stone-season (air dry) for sufficient time.

You can add the missed out points in below comment box.

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Important updates to know in prior to using some of the chemical construction products

1. Maximum thickness of the Tile adhesive shall be applied on the bonded waterproofing membrane shall be 10mm and for un-bonded waterproofing membrane shall be 6mm.

2. Relative humidity and dry/wet conditions:

    RH :      Situation

    0 to 30 : Very dry

    30 to 50 : Moderate

    50 : Very good condition for any application.

    50 to 100 : Wet / damp / moist

3. Prior to the application of coatings/adhesives on Gypsum substrates, surface shall be primed. The use of a primer ensures that the coating/adhesive will have sufficient open time, working time, and yields correct coverage. At the same time, coating/adhesive may require more drying time.

4. It is important to follow the guide lines provided in OSHA Silica Standard Housekeeping Guidelines while the application of coating, flooring, tiling, grouting, etc. works at site level.

5. Standard water-borne vinyl adhesives are based on the technology of wet set and pressure sensitive. Hence, while installation of Vinyl; Heavy roller shall not be used for rolling. Also, these type of adhesive are not good for area where expected to withstand excessive rolling and point loads, such as those imparted by hospital beds, in either their mobile (dynamic load) or stationary position (static load), and related hospital, office and institutional equipment.

6. How to test application is dry or not? Pour water onto the surface of the application in several areas and rub it with your finger. If the water remains clear, the application is dry. If the water turns cloudy or milky or changes it colour as of application, additional drying time is required.

7. Physical States of Water changes at:

a. Solid state (e.g. ice) occurs at temperature below freezing point 0 Deg C or 32 Deg F. (Ice)

b. Gaseous state (e.g. water vapour) occurs at temperatures 100 Deg C or 212 Deg F

c. Liquid state (e.g. sea water) occurs between freezing and boiling point temperatures (32 Deg F – 212 Deg F).

d. Dew point of temperature between 21 Deg C to 32 Deg C and relative humidity between 40% to 100%. So be careful with the temperature and humidity as both create the water at anytime, location may be internal or external, may it a floor, wall or ceiling.

8. Tile/stone Toughness Index : If the value of toughness index comes below 13 in impact test, then the stone is not tough. If the value comes in between 13 & 19 then stone is said to be moderately tough and if it exceeds 19 then stone is said to be highly tough.

Should you have any questions on this information, please comment below…

Note on substrate preparation:

How to prepare the substrate applied with Curing compounds: 

Some of the curing compounds may be of biodegradable and may not be. Curing compounds act as a bond breakers inhibiting subsequent application to bond to the substrate. Therefore, it is necessary to make sure that surface is completely free from residue of curing compound by Bond tape test, Peel-off test method or by Pull-out test method. It is always better to do simple metal wire grinding and proceed further with o doubts at all.

How to prepare the new concrete surface: 

Concrete substrates must be solid. Overwatered, frozen or otherwise weak concrete must be removed mechanically to provide a sound base and be free of oil, grease, wax, dirt, asphalt, curing and sealing compounds, latex and gypsum compounds, dust, paint, or any other contaminant which might act as a bond breaker. Allow the concrete to cure a minimum of 28 days, and repair any cracks before proceeding further. As drying and shrinkage of green concrete can results in telegraphing cracks in the subsequent application and also subsequent application will not bond the substrate because of release of moisture.

How to prepare the substrate with moisture content more than 5%:

Do not work, allow the entrapped moisture to release or make some arrangement of heat creating light, fans etc.  Search the passage for the rising moisture and treat it properly. If any moisture barrier / moisture resistant / moisture tolerant coating / primer / or floor screed is specified, take the complete instructions / guarantee / warrantee along with the well trained applicator for the job and follow complete specification of manufacturer.

How to prepare the existing concrete surface: 

Concrete substrates must be solid. Overwatered, frozen or otherwise weak concrete must be removed mechanically to provide a sound base. In addition, concrete should be evaluated for moisture, and be free of oil, grease, wax, dirt, asphalt, curing and sealing compounds, latex and gypsum compounds, dust, paint, or any other contaminant which might act as a bond breaker.

How to prepare Sealer applied surface: 

Sealers does not react / oxidize / flake off with UV rays, air, water, stains. Some sealers contain bond-breaking oils, waxes, resins or rubbers, it is always better to do simple metal wire grinding and proceed further with o doubts at all.

Should you have any questions on this information, please comment below…

Aging begins with the feet! This is a scientific fact.

Keep your legs active and strong!!

As we age every day, our legs should always be active and strong. As we age, we don't have to fear white hair (or) loose skin (or) facial wrinkles.

The famous American magazine "Prevention" has listed strong leg muscles as the most important and essential for a healthy life. Walk every day. 🚶 ♂️ 🏃 ♂️ 🚶 ♂️

If we don't move our legs for two weeks, our actual leg strength will decrease by 10 years. So, walk , walk , walk _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

A study from the University of Copenhagen in Denmark found that old and young people lost one-third of their leg muscles if they were inactive for two weeks. This is equivalent to 20-30 years old age!! So walk walk walk … . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

As the leg muscles weaken, it can take a long time to recover even if we rehabilitate and exercise. Therefore, regular exercise like walking is very important. Legs bear all the weight/weight of our bodies. Legs are a kind of pillar that carries the entire weight of the human body. So do daily walking 🚶 ♂️ 🚶 ♂️ 🏃 ♂️ 🏃 ♂️ 🚶 ♂️

Interestingly, 50% of a person's bones and 50 % of their muscles are in both legs. Therefore, their health is the health of the body. So walk , walk , walk 🚶 ♂️ 🚶 ♂️ 🏃 ♂️ 🏃 ♂️ 🚶 ♂️ 🚶 ♂️

The largest and strongest joints and bones in the human body are in the legs.

10,000 steps daily ..... A body with strong bones, strong muscles, and flexible joints form an iron triangle, carrying the human body. 70% of a person's life is spent on human activities and burning calories on two feet. Do you know this? When a person is young, his thighs are strong enough to lift a small car weighing 800 kg! Both the legs together carry 50% of the nerves, 50% of the blood vessels, and 50% of the blood in the human body. It is the largest circulatory system connecting the body. So walk, walk, walk every day _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

If the legs are healthy, the abundant flow of blood flows smoothly. So, people with strong leg muscles definitely have a strong heart. The lower part of the knee is called the second heart. One's age starts from the feet up. As a person ages, unlike in youth, the accuracy and speed of transmission of commands between the brain and legs decreases. So please walk 🚶 ♂️ 🚶 ♂️ 🏃 ♂️ 🏃 ♂️ 🚶 ♂️ 🚶 ♂️

In addition, calcium in the so-called bone marrow is lost over time or later, leading to fractures in the elderly. So walk, walk, walk, walk, walk _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Bone fractures in the elderly can lead to a series of bone complications, especially dangerous diseases such as cerebral thrombosis May appear... So walk, walk, walk … . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

15% of elderly patients usually die within a year of a fracture. Walk every day without fail _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

It's never too late to exercise your legs after 60. Although our legs age gradually, exercising our legs is a lifelong task. 10,000 steps walk can always prevent or slow down further aging by strengthening the legs. 365 Days of Walking – Walk for at least 30-40 minutes a day to get enough exercise for our legs and keep our leg muscles healthy. If you are above 40 years.....!!!!  Definitely Walk Walk Walk ... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Yojananam sahasram tu shanairyati pipilika  - Even an ant that walks slowly can cover a distance of a thousand miles. If not walking, even the eagle cannot take a single step. As we move forward the goal comes closer to itself. One day we will be blessed with health beyond our knowledge. This is the mentality. So if you walk, it will be good for your mind and body ...

Stay healthy everyone

good luck...

What is Hygroscopic - Hydrophilic - Hydrophobic waterproofing technology?

One of the basic technology on which waterproofing materials/chemicals depend on their nature towards the water. I.e. Hydrogroscopic/Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic?

Let's see what is Hygroscopic?
Hygroscopy is the phenomenon of attracting and holding water molecules by absorption or by adsorption from the surrounding environment, which is usually at normal or room temperature. If water molecules become suspended among the substance's molecules, adsorbing substances can become physically changed, e.g., changing in volume, boiling point, viscosity, or some other physical characteristic or property of the substance.

Let's see what is Hydrophilic?
Materials with a special affinity for water — those it spreads across, maximizing contact — are known as hydrophilic.

Let's see what is Hydrophobic?
Those that naturally repel water, causing droplets to form, are known as hydrophobic.

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Volunteer.

My volunteer life.

Now a physical disability is not the real problem. The real problem is not supporting disabled people even when we are physically good and strong. Then what is the use of the strength of our physic?

Think, if someone of your family is disabled and you are not with them... What do you expect from society?
    Hope the expectations may/will be:
        1. To help them while walking?
        2. To help them in reading?

        3. To help them in writing?

        4. To support them with food, cloth, and shelter?

        5. To assist them in getting bus passes, pensions, and ID cards?

                Many more lists will go on.

Have you helped anyone in your lifetime? No, then this is the time to start.

I have started.... (This blog page will continue till my end, you can also join by writing your comment below).

1st  volunteer work as SCRIBE: 

 

Thanks to Akshata Scribe for providing an opportunity.

2nd volunteer work: 

Assisting the walking disabled to visit the Planetary auditorium.

Thanks to Astha (astha.in/index.php/home/our_team) for providing an opportunity.

3rd volunteer work: 

Assisting in a function of gift distribution to Dheenoddhara trust for the disabled 

 

This event is supported by Dr. Bhumika Patel, Guide Runners India. and AMC college of Engineering students group.

Thanks to V The Volunteer for providing an opportunity.

 

V The Volunteer (From right to left, Mr. Manoj, Miss Jeevitha, and Miss Simran)

4th volunteer work: 

From V The Volunteer, I got the opportunity to provide assistance as a scribe to a blind candidate in attending RRB Level 2 exam in AMC college.

I got the notification from V the volunteer to help a blind candidate. I decided to understand what support he needs. I was surprised to hear that he filled up application form and got called to attend the RRB Level 2 exam. Being a blind person, he is seeing a dream of becoming something and supporting others. What courage and enthusiasm he got!

I decided a take one day and serve him as a scribe in writing his exam.

  

5^th work: 

On 26/06/2022, I saw a movie….

I got to know that V The Volunteer has scheduled an event to show a movie for orphans and poor children. Volunteers have to reach school, take the kids to the theatre, show them the movie, explain about the care for the animals and get back kid to the school.

I registered as a volunteer and spent time with kids and saw the movie CHARLIE 777.

 

 

 

Children learned to CARE & LOVE ANIMALS. I learned SHARING IS CARING.

6^th work: 

On 07/08/2022: IBPS - Banking exam is written for a blind candidate Manjunatha R, who came to attend the exam from Davangere to Bangalore (260km). Extend your support to physically disabled people to achieve their dreams... 🙏

7^th work: 

On 14/08/2022: VTVO and Dheenoddhara trust for the disabled arranged state-level chess competition for visually impaired candidates and I do serve as a volunteer. This was a great event that open their confidence in them and gave them an opportunity to see big dreams. I am very surprised to see the mental ability to memorize the all moves and think the next move in blinds.

Mr. Suren (Surendran Murugananda Krishnan) founder of VTVO (V The Volunteers Organisation)

       

8th  volunteer work as SCRIBE: 

Assisted Mis Savithri in writing her CRP Clerk XII exam (Computerized) Rol No 1881005198.

9th  volunteer work: 

On 02/10/2022, Amrutha Bindu Charitable Trust, Land Mark, Amrutha Bindu Charitable Trust, #27, 1st and 2nd Floor, Shop street, near N R Colony, NR Colony, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru, 560004; planned to prepare the food and distribute to roadside needy ones. Accordingly from 06:00 to 08:00 pm, we all packed the prepared food and distributed the food in KR Market and in Majestic (railways station and at BMTC passage areas).

10th  volunteer work: On 27/10/2022, Amrutha Bindu Charitable Trust planned to prepare the food, and donate it to the students residing in Samarthanam Trust for disabled including celebrating the Deepavlai festival by Drawing rangoli:

 

 

 

      

Singing:

Dinner:

Lamping deepa:

Dancing:

Finally blessing all…

10th  volunteer work:  Volunteer scribe for blind candidate  who came from Belgaum to Bangalore to attend KMF Assistant executive marketing exam.

11th  volunteer work:   Volunteer in the Christmas festival by donating blankets and food to roadside needy on Friday late night @City Market, Majestic & Shivaji Nagar areas. Organized by Amrutha Bindu Trust.

12th  volunteer work:  Volunteer in distributing School bags (100 kids) at a Govt school, nearby Hosakote, Bangalore Rural. Organized by Amrutha Bindu Trust.

13th  volunteer work:  Volunteer in V-Paws programme at Sarvoham Animal Foundation, No.127, 3rd Cross, 1st Main, Aishwarya Layout, Ray Center Road Jambu Savari Dinne, 8th Phase, J. P. Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560083. Organized by VTVO.

 

     

   

   

  

   

Providing laptop for 3 students to help them in prepration for exam for 2 months:

 

Attending CSR Seminor to raise funds for Dheenodhar Trust along with founder Mr Narayanswamy on 04/03/2023.

Provinding school bags and stationary items to poor and orphan students at vigneshwar convent school, Huballi on 15-07-2023.

 

 

Visiting Kanykumari for the development of Wheel chaired Tennis along wiht the the Mr Sunil Jain, founder of Astha:

 

 

 

Providing school bags and stationary items to poor and orphan students at T Narishipura near Mysore.

 

 

Provided laptop for 2 months for Computer engineer studying in Bangalore for learning purposes on a returnable basis.Dt: 21/08/2023

Food distribution to the road sider 25/08/2023

Providing food for orphans at Sai Sneha foundation on 26/08/2023

Providing umberla to poor road side aged women vendor on 28-08-2023:

Provinding school bags and stationary items to poor and orphan students:

 

 

 

 

Food distrubution to the road sider 30/08/2023

Providing food for orphans 24/09/2023

 

 

Writing exam for visally imapred student 4-10-2023

Writing exam for visally imapred student 5-10-2023

Providing food for orphans 09/10/2023

 

Writing exam for visally imapred student 10-10-2023

 

20/102023 - Bloos donation:

 

Writing exam for visally imapred student 21-10-2023

Assisting visually impared person in attending his medical counselling 31-10-2023:

 

Assisting in writing exam for visally imapred student 4-11-2023. But offiecer at the exam center not allowed me to write the exam as I was wearing the Ayyappa Swamy Mala and I cannot remove it. At the same time a lady Miss Jananamrutha from Tiptur came fornt and and wrote exam. Special thanks to her.:

Writing exam for visally imapred student 08-11-2023

Providing food for orphans on 14-11-2023 and celebrating deepavali festival with them

  

 

Writing exam for visally imapred student 19-12-2023

Assisting BALAVEDA in spreading the concept of BALAYANA with RAMAYANA on the ocation of Shri RAMA Pranaprtisthan in Ayodhya 22-1-2024:

   

 

 

 

Making Banashnkari temple, Bangalore plastic free 28-01-2024:

 

  

  

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