Technical Parameters of ASTM C1107 - Grouts with Test Standards
|
Property |
Technical Requirement |
Test Standard |
|
Type of Grout |
Pourable or pumpable, hydraulic-cement-based
grout |
ASTM C1107 |
|
Compressive Strength (28 days) |
Minimum 2,500 psi (17.2 MPa) |
ASTM C109 (Compressive Strength of Hydraulic
Cement Mortars) |
|
Flowability |
Minimum flow of 110% in flow table test
(measured by a flow of at least 9 inches on a flow table). |
ASTM C939 (Flow of Grout for
Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete) |
|
Initial Set Time |
1 to 3 hours, depending on temperature and
grout formulation. |
ASTM C266 (Time of Setting of Hydraulic
Cement) |
|
Final Set Time |
Typically 4 to 6 hours after mixing,
depending on the specific grout mixture and environmental conditions. |
ASTM C266 (Time of Setting of Hydraulic
Cement) |
|
Shrinkage |
Maximum 0.10% shrinkage after 28 days
(measured per ASTM C827). |
ASTM C827 (Test Method for Change in Volume
of Grouts) |
|
Expansion (Positive Expansion) |
Minimum 0.02% positive expansion after
initial setting (measured per ASTM C827). |
ASTM C827 (Test Method for Change in Volume
of Grouts) |
|
Water Demand for Mixing |
Typically, 18 to 22% by weight of dry grout
for proper fluidity (depends on specific grout mix). |
ASTM C1107 (Packaging, Mixing, and Water
Demand) |
|
Density (Fresh) |
Typically 130 to 140 lb/ft³ (2,080 to 2,240
kg/m³) for fresh grout. |
ASTM C138 (Density (Unit Weight) and Air
Content of Concrete) |
|
Freeze-Thaw Resistance |
Must withstand minimum 50 cycles of
freeze-thaw testing as per ASTM C666 without significant damage or loss of
strength. |
ASTM C666 (Standard Test Method for
Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing) |
|
Admixtures |
Optional, but grout may include retarders, accelerators,
or other additives to modify setting time and performance. |
ASTM C494 (Standard Specification for
Chemical Admixtures for Concrete) |
|
Curing Conditions |
Minimum 7 days curing at 70°F (21°C) with
moist conditions to ensure adequate strength development. |
ASTM C192 (Standard Practice for Making and
Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory) |
|
Air Content (For Flowable Grout) |
Should generally have no more than 8% air
content to ensure optimal strength. |
ASTM C231 (Air Content of Freshly Mixed
Concrete by the Pressure Method) |
|
Bond Strength |
Grout must adhere well to both the substrate
and the reinforcement, typically tested for bond strength as per applicable
ASTM standards. |
ASTM C882 (Bond Strength of Epoxy-Resin
Systems Used with Concrete) |
|
Temperature Range for Mixing |
Grouting temperatures should be between 50°F
(10°C) and 90°F (32°C); extreme conditions may require temperature control or
admixtures. |
ASTM C1064 (Temperature of Freshly Mixed
Portland Cement Concrete) |
|
Packaging |
Typically, grout comes in pre-packaged bags
(dry mixture), usually weighing between 25 lbs to 50 lbs (11.3 kg to 22.7
kg). |
ASTM C1077 (Standard Practice for Agencies
Testing Concrete and Concrete Aggregates for Use in Construction) |
|
Mixing Ratio |
Varies based on the grout product;
generally, a mixing ratio of about 18-22% water to weight of the dry grout is
typical. |
ASTM C1107 (Packaging and Mixing) |
|
Time for Initial Workability |
Grout should maintain a workability time of
at least 30 minutes after mixing, depending on the ambient temperature and
water content. |
ASTM C1107 (Workability and Mixing Time) |
|
Specific Gravity |
2.3 to 2.8 depending on the grout
formulation and the specific mineral additives. |
ASTM C188 (Specific Gravity of Hydraulic
Cement) |
Explanation of Test Standards:
- ASTM
C109: Provides a method to test the compressive
strength of hydraulic cement mortars, often used for grouts.
- ASTM C939:
Determines the flowability of grouts, measuring how far the grout
spreads on a flow table.
- ASTM C266:
Measures the setting time (initial and final) of hydraulic cements,
which is essential to ensure grout's curing behavior.
- ASTM C827: This
standard method is used for determining shrinkage and expansion
(positive expansion) of grouts after setting.
- ASTM C138:
Provides a test for determining the density (unit weight) of fresh
grout.
- ASTM C666:
Evaluates the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete and grout
materials, ensuring durability in freeze-thaw conditions.
- ASTM C494:
Standard specification for chemical admixtures used in concrete,
which can also affect the performance of grouts.
- ASTM C192:
Provides standard practices for making and curing concrete test
specimens, which is crucial for evaluating the grout's performance
under laboratory conditions.
- ASTM C231:
Defines the method for testing air content in fresh concrete, which
can affect the grout's strength and performance.
- ASTM C882:
Measures bond strength between cement-based materials and concrete
surfaces, important for grout adhesion.
- ASTM C1064: This
standard method determines the temperature of freshly mixed
concrete, including grouts, which can affect its curing and performance.
- ASTM C1077: Used
for verifying that the agency testing concrete and grout follows the
proper procedures.
- ASTM C188:
Measures the specific gravity of hydraulic cement and cement-based
materials, including grouts.
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